Cast iron pavement



May 20, 1941. H. VISSERING CAST IRON PAVEMENT Filed. Aug. 12, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 y 20, 1941- H. WSSERING 2,242,559

CAST IRON PAVEMENT Filed Aug. 12, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 MNWE.

Patented May 20, 1941 CAST IRON PAVEIWENT Harry Vissering, Chicago; Ill., assignor to Interlake Iron Corporation,

tion of New York Chicago, 111., a corpora- Application August 12,1939, Serial No. 239,717

7 Claims.

The present invention relates generally to cast iron pavements. More particularly the invention relates to that type of pavement which is formed or composed of a plurality of abutting polygonal leg equipped cast iron plates on a foundation supported bed of cement material and is formed first by spreading the bed forming material over the foundation and then while the material is still plastic placing the plates on the top face of the material and pressing them downwards until the legs thereof rest on the foundation and the space between the bottom faces of the plates and the top face of the foundation is completely filled with the bed forming material.

One object of the invention is to provide a pavement of this type which due to the design and construction of the plates is less costly than, and embodies certain inherent advantages over, previously designed pavements of the same general construction.

Another object of the invention is' to provide a pavement of the type under consideration in which the cast iron plates have the legs thereof positioned along certain of their margins and arranged in interlocked or interfitting relation.

A further object of the invention is to provide a cast iron pavement of the last mentioned character in which the legs of each plate have shoulders for supporting the adjacent marginal portions of the adjoining plate or plates.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a cast iron pavement forming plate which is of new and improved construction'and is so designed that it may be cast or molded without the use of a core.

Other objects of the invention and the various advantages and characteristics of the present cast iron pavement plate will be apparent from a consideration of the following detailed description.

The invention consists in the several novel features which are hereinafter more particularly defined b-y claims at the conclusion hereof.

In the drawings which accompany and form a part of this specification or disclosure and in which like numerals of reference denote corresponding parts throughout the several views:

Figure 1 is a plan or top view illustrating in,

the course of installation with respect to a foundation supported bed of cement material a pavement embodying one form of the invention and consisting of rectangular plates;

Figure 2 is a perspective showing several of the pavement forming cast iron plates of Figure 1 in interlocked relation;

Figure 3 is a perspective showing in an inverted position one of the rectangular plates of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken on the line 4-4 of Figure l and showing set forth and are in detail the manner in which. the legs along the side margins of the plates are arranged in interlocked relation and serve to hold the plates in spaced relation with respect to the top face of the bed supporting foundation;

Figure 5 is a plan View illustrating in the course of installation a pavement embodying a second form of the invention and consisting of a plurality or set of equilaterally triangular plates;

Figure 6 is a perspective of one of the plates of Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a fragmentary perspective of two equilaterally triangular plates showing such plates before they are slid together in order to bring the legs thereof into interlocked relation;

Figure 8 is an enlanged vertical section on the line 8-8 of Figure 5; and

Figure 9 is a top view illustrating in the course of installation a pavement embodying a third form of theinvention and consisting of hexagonal cast metal plates.

The pavement which is shown in Figures 1 to 4, inclusive, of the drawings constitutes one embodiment of the invention. It is bonded to and supported by a bed 5 on a concrete foundation Ii and consists of a plurality of cast metal plates 7. The bed 5 is formed of cement material such as expansible type cement which is spread over the concrete foundation 6 while the latter is in a green state in order that upon hardening it onds itself to and becomes permanently united with the foundation. It serves to form a solid support for the plates 1 and is adapted, as hereinafter described, to have the plates pressed against it while it is in a plastic state.

The plates 1 are rectangular and are preferably twice as long as they are wide. They are imperforate and in connection with formation of the pavement are arranged in end to end relation and abutting rows. As shown in Figure 1, the plates of each row are preferably staggered or longitudinally odfset with respect to the plates of the two adjoining rows so that the spaces or cracks between the ends of the plates are not continuous. Each plate 7 is provided along one side margin thereof with four laterally spaced downwardly and outwardly extending integral legs 8 and embodies along its other side margin four laterally spaced downwardly and outwardly extending depending legs 9. The legs 9 are laterally offset with respect to the legs 8, as shown in Figure 3, and as a result when the plates are in their pavement forming position the legs 9 of each plate are arranged in straddled or interlocked relation with the adjacent legs 8 of the two adjoining plates. The legs 8 and 9 are adapted to rest on the top face of the concrete foundation 6 and serve to hold the plates 1 in vertically spaced relation with'respect to the top face of the foundation. By reason of the fact v to, the bed as 2 that the legs 8 and 9 extend downwardly and outwardly the plates 1, upon hardening of the cement material constituting the bed 5, are interlocked with and permanently bonded or united shown in Figure 4 of the drawings. The legs 8 of the plates project beyond the adjoining side margins of the plates 1, as shown in Figure 3, and are shaped so as to define fiat shoulders H] at the upper ends thereof. These shoulders are horizontally aligned with the bottom faces of the plates and are adapted to underlie and support the adjacent side margins of the adjoining plates, that is, the side margins with the legs 9. The legs 9 are shaped similarly to the legs 8 and have flat leveling shoulders II at their upper ends. These shoulders are also horizontally aligned with the bottom faces of the plates and are adapted when the plates are in their pavement forming position to underlie the adjacent side margins of the adjoining plates, that is, the side margins with the legs 8. When the plates 1 are in their proper place, the side margins with the legs 9 rest on the shoulders I and the side margins with the legs 8 rest on the shoulders H. As a result of the formation of the shoulders Ill and II on the legs 8 and 9 each plate when in place on the foundation 6 is interlocked with the abutting plates at the sides thereof and it is possible in formation of the pavement readily and quickly to level or horizontally align the plates. Each plate 1 is provided on the underside thereof with a plurality of straight reinforcing ribs l2 and a pair of L-shaped reinforcing ribs l3. The ribs I2 of the plates extend'transversely, that is, at right angles to the side edges of the plates and are of less height than the legs. They are formed integrally with the plates and serve in addition to reinforcing the plates to effect an efficient interlocking connection between the plates and the bed 5 of cement material. The L-shaped rib'sl3 are positioned along the end margins of the plates and extend between and connect the legs at the corners of the plates. They are preferably of the same height as the reinforcing ribs l2 and serve to lock the plates against end and sidewise slippage. As a result of the construction and design of the legs and reinforcing ribs the plates maybe cast or molded without the use of cores and hence it is possible to produce the plates at an extremely low cost.

In laying the pavement on the foundation 6 the cement bed forming material is first spread over the top face of the foundation while the foundation is in a green state or condition. While the bed forming material is still plastic the plates 1 are placed on top of the material and then forced downwards until the legs thereof rest on the top face of the foundation. As the plates are pressed downwards the bed forming material is caused to fiow around all portions of the legs and as a result when the bed forming material hardens the plates become permanently bonded or attached to the bed. The bed forming material is spread on the concrete foundation 6 in such amount that when the plates 1 are pressed into place all portions of the bottom faces of the plates are supported by the material. By employing as the bed forming medium expansible cement, that is, material which when rendered plastic by the addition of water, tends to expand, there are no spaces or air holes under the plates 1 and the plates are. properly supported against breakage or cracking. As a result of the formation of the shoulders l0 and H on the legs 8 and 9 each plate is supported not only by its legs but also by the legs of the adjoining plates at the sides thereof. If the pavement is laid as shown in Figure 1, that is, with the plates 1 of one row in staggered or overlapped relation with the plates of the two adjoining rows, square plates H are employed. Such plates are similar in design and construction to the plates 1 and serve to fill up or complete the spaces at the ends of the rows.

The pavement of Figures 1 to 4, inclusive, may be laid with a minimum amount of labor and is not costly due to the fact that the plates I are so formed and designed that they may be cast or molded without the use of cores. It efficiently and effectively fulfills its intended purpose and is not likely to break or crack because of the manner in which the plates are supported.

The pavement which is shown in Figures 5 to 8, inclusive, of the drawings constitutes another form or embodiment of the invention. It is bonded to and rests upon a foundation supported bed l5 of expansible type cement and consists of a set or groupof cast metal plates 16. The latter are the same in general design as the cast metal plate I of the pavement of Figures 1 to 4, inclusive, except that they are equilaterally triangular in shape. As shown in' Figure 5, the plates l6 are arranged in abutting rows and the plates of each row are arranged in dovetailed relation. Each of the plates I6 embodies four downwardly and outwardly extending later-ally spaced integral legs ll along one margin thereof and has along one of its other margins four laterally spaced downwardly and outwardly extending integral legs I8. The third margin of each of the plates 16 is plain, that is, it embodies no legs. The legs 18 of each of the plates l6 are staggered or laterally offset with respect to the legs IT. The legs I! of each of the triangular plates embodies leveling shoulders l9 at the top thereof and these are coplaner with the bottom face of the plate and are adapted to support the adjacent margin of the adjoining plate. The upper portions of the legs l3 of each of the plates I6 is shaped to form leveling shoulders 28. These are horizontally aligned with the shoulder is and are adapted to underlie and support the adjoining marginal portion of the adjacent plate. The legs 11 and I8 are similar to and serve the same purpose as the legs 8 and 9 of the rectangular plates of the pavement of Figures 1 to 4, inclusive. The plates 16 of the pavement of Figures 5 to 8, inclusive, are preferably arranged as shown in Figure 5 for pavement forming purposes and are adapted to be pressed downwards toward the bed l5 while the latter is in a plastic condition and are preferably laid one at a time. In laying one row of plates the first plate is pressed downwards until the legs thereof rest upon the foundation under the bed l5. Thereafter the second plate is positioned alongside of the first laid plate and with the legs I8 thereof opposite to the legs I! of said first laid plate. After so positioning the second plate it is urged or forced downwards into the bed and at the same time it is shifted or moved laterally in order to bring its legs into interlocked relation with the legs I! of said first laid plate. When the plates l6 are properly laid the plates of each row are in interlocked relation and each plate is supported not only by its legs I! and I8 but also by the legs I! and l8 of the two adjoining plates. As shown in Figure5, the straight margins of the plates of each row are arranged in abutting relation with the straight margins of the plates of the two adjoining rows.

top of the bed and In order to properly reinforce the margins of the plates It which have no legs such margins are provided with full length depending ribs Ili as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 6.

The pavement which is shown in Figure 9 of the drawings constitutes a third embodiment or form of the invention. It is bonded to and rests upon a foundation supported bed 2| of expansible type cement and consists of a group or set of hexagonal cast iron plates 22. Each of the plates 22 has along two adjoining margins thereof four laterally spaced downwardly and outwardly extending legs 23 and these legs are disposed two along one margin and two along the other margin. Along the two opposite margins each of the plates 22 embodies four downwardly and outwardly extending integral legs 24 and these legs are disposed two along one margin and two along the other margin. The legs 24 are staggered or laterally offset with respect to the legs 23 and have leveling shoulders 25 at the upper portions thereof. The legs 23 are shaped conformably to and are like the legs 8 of the plates 1 and the legs I I of the plates l6 and have leveling shoulders 26 on their upper ends. The plates 22 are adapted to be laid as shown in Figure 9 and when in place are in interlocked relation. The margins of each plate which are between the four leg equipped margins are straight and have nolegs in order that the plate may be slid into place with respect to adjoining plates. In order to reinforce the free margins of the plates 22 such plates, as shown in Figure 9, are provided with integral depending full length webs or ribs 22 The invention is not to be understood as restricted to the details set forth, since these may be modified within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus described claim as new and desire Patent is:

the invention, what I to secure by Letters 1. A pavement comprising a bed of cement material, and similarly shaped polygonal onepiece metallic plates arranged in edge to edge abutment on top of the bed and each embodying along certain of the margins thereof in the bed downwardly and outwardly extending legs arranged in laterally offset but interlocked relation with the legs on the adjacent margins of the adjoining plates and having shoulders adjacent the upper ends thereof and in alignment with the bottom face of the plate engaging and underlying said adjacent margins of the adjoining plates.

2. A pavement comprising a bed of cement material. and similarly shaped rectangular cast metal plates arranged in edge to edge abutment on too of the bed and each embodying along the s de margins thereof and in the bed substantially straight downwardly and outwardly extending legs arran ed in laterally offset but interlocked abutting margins thereof laterally offset interfitting downwardly inclined legs embedded in the bed, one leg of each plate being provided at the upper end thereofwith a flat shoulder in alignment with the bottom face of the plate and engaging and underlying the adjacent margin of the adjoining plate.

4. A polygonal cast metal paving plate adapted to be placed on a bed of cement material and in edge to edge abutment with like or corresponding plates and having along two opposed margins thereof downwardly and outwardly extending legs for embedment in the bed, the upper ends of said legs being shaped to form shoulders outwardly of said opposed margins and in alignment with the bottom face of the plate for supporting and engaging the adjacent margins of the adjoining plates.

5. A rectangular cast metal paving plate adapted to be placed on a bed of cement material and in edge to edge abutment with like or corresponding plates and having along one side margin thereof a plurality of laterally spaced downwardly and outwardly extending legs for embedment in the bed, and having along its other side margin a plurality of downwardly and outwardly extending legs positioned in offset relation with the first mentioned legs and adapted for embedment in said bed, the upper ends of certain of the legs at each side margin of the plate being shaped to form outwardly of the side edges of the plate and in horizontal alignment with the bottom face of the plate fiat shoulders for supporting the adjacent margins of the adjoining plates.

6. An equilaterally triangular one piece cast metal paving plate adapted to be placed on a bed of cement material and in edge to edge abutment with like or corresponding plates and having along one side margin thereof a plurality of laterally spaced downwardly and outwardly extending legs for embedment in the bed and along one of its other side margins a plurality of downwardly and outwardly extending legs in offset relation with the legs on the adjacent margins of the adjoining plates and having flat shoulders at the upper ends thereof and in alignment with the bottom face of the plate engaging and underlying said adjacent margins of the adjoining plates.

3. A pavement comprising a bed of cement material, and similarly shaped polygonal metallic plates arranged in edge to edge abutment on the having along certain of the relation with the first mentioned legs and for embedment in the bed and along its third margin a depending substantially full length rib for embedment in said bed, the upper ends of certain of the legs of the plate being shaped to form outwardly of the adjoining side edges of the plate and in horizontal alignment with the bottom face of the plate flat shoulders for supporting the adjacent margins of the adjoining plates.

7. A hexagonal cast metal one piece paving plate adapted to be placed on a bed of cement material and in edge to edge abutment with like oncorresponding plates and having along two two opposite side margins thereof a plurality of downwardly and outwardly extending legs in offset relation with the first mentioned legs and for embedment in the bed and along its other two margins depending substantially full length ribs bed,

wardly of the plate and in horizontal alignment with the bottom face of the plate flat shoulders for supporting the adjacent margins of the ad- HARRY VISSERING. 

